How to Install a Satellite Dish
It is very essential that the satellite dish is mounted properly, so that the broadcast signals are received correctly. The satellite broadcasting TV is geostationary and is at a height of 22,300 miles above the equator. It travels from west to east and if viewed from earth appears to be at a single spot.
The first step in mounting the satellite is to find out the elevation and azimuth. The city, state and the satellite has to be input and the satellite position, latitude, longitude, azimuth, elevation and the skew or the LNBF Tilt would be the output. Now, that the angles of azimuth and elevation are known, it is necessary to have a look to make sure there are no obstructions in the direction of the satellite. If the satellite dish is to be mounted on a flat beam or roof, then the base of the satellite dish must be parallel to the mounting surface. If the roof is a slanting one, the satellite dish must be at a proper angle to the roofline.
Now, the satellite dish can be fixed on the mounting surface. Further, the dish has to be adjusted such that the dish mast is exactly perpendicular to the level. This can be thoroughly achieved using a carpenter’s level. Now, the satellite dish is properly set. It has to be aimed towards the satellites.
Setting the elevation and azimuth
To set the correct elevation, first the nuts that fasten the two elevation bolts have to be loosened. Now, it becomes possible to move the dish upwards and downwards. The elevation indicator has to be lined up with the tick mark that corresponds to the elevation number. Then, the bolts can be tightened. There may be a need to readjust the elevation slightly upwards and downwards to procure the optimum signal. To set the appropriate azimuth, the azimuth nuts on the LNB arm have to be loosened in such a way that the dish can be rotated in a smooth manner with some pressure. The dish has to be moved towards the right or left to set the azimuth. The dish must point toward the southern hemisphere, which is the general direction of the satellite. A compass should be used to match the azimuth number with the degrees on the compass.
Manipulate the signal
With the elevation and azimuth correctly lined up, the satellite dish is in a position to receive the satellite signal. Now, the digital receiver has to be connected to the television. Both, the receiver and television have to be turned on. The antenna LNB has to be connected to the receiver cables.
The digital receiver’s on-screen menu has to be used to view the Setup Antenna / Signal Strength display and calculate the accurate signal strength. This signal strength and signal quality can be viewed by pressing Menu, Installation, TP Configuration and selecting Telstar 5, frequency 12152 or 11898. One person should assist in watching the Signal Strength screen to indicate that the signal is being received. The upper meter indicates the signal strength and the lower meter indicates the signal quality. If there is a signal for the lower meter, only then a signal can be received. Now, it is essential to keep standing behind the satellite dish and hold the outer edges. It has to be turned towards the right so that the azimuth is adjusted. This process of turning the dish towards the right is continued till the signal is acquired or till the angle of rotation is about 15 degrees from the starting point. If the signal is still not received, the dish has to be brought to the starting point and moved towards the left. Similar procedure has to be followed till 15 degrees to the left. If still the signal cannot be viewed, the elevation bolts must be loosened.
The dish has to be moved upward till the elevation indicator moves by half a mark. The elevation bolts have to be tightened again. Such half-mark increments are continued upwards till three tick marks are reached above the original tick mark. In case this attempt if futile, the dish must be returned to the original tick mark. Further, it has to be moved downwards by half-mark, up to a maximum of three marks.
Checks
If all the above mentioned procedure does not result in a signal, following checks are performed. The mount has to be perfectly level. Any object, like a tree, must not be along the line joining the satellite dish and the satellite. The cables have to be properly connected to the receiver. The coordinates of the azimuth and elevation have to be precise.
Fine Tuning
After the signal is received, the dish has to be fine tuned to ensure that the signal strength is the maximum. It is very important to maximize the signal, as the effect of rain during bad weather is decreased. For this, it is necessary to loosen the azimuth bolts and slowly rotate the dish in the same direction in which the satellite signal was received. The dish has to be moved till the maximum reading is achieved for the signal strength and then it starts to decrease. Now, that the value of the maximum signal strength is known, the dish has to be adjusted till this reading is reached. At the position of the maximum reading, the azimuth bolts have to be tightened. It has to be kept in mind that the Signal Strength reading need not be necessarily of 100 magnitudes. Now, the elevation bolts have to be loosened. The dish has to be very slowly moved upwards and downwards, until the strongest signal is achieved. Further, the elevation bolts can be tightened.
Polar mount
In a polar mount, all the visible geostationary satellites can be reached by rotating the antenna around a single axis called as the main axis. In the polar mount installation, two fixed angles have to be pre-set. The main axis angle has a range of movement of 90 degrees. The antenna can swing sideways along the axis. The angle by which the beam can be tipped downwards is called as the Dish Offset Tilt angle.
The first step in mounting the satellite is to find out the elevation and azimuth. The city, state and the satellite has to be input and the satellite position, latitude, longitude, azimuth, elevation and the skew or the LNBF Tilt would be the output. Now, that the angles of azimuth and elevation are known, it is necessary to have a look to make sure there are no obstructions in the direction of the satellite. If the satellite dish is to be mounted on a flat beam or roof, then the base of the satellite dish must be parallel to the mounting surface. If the roof is a slanting one, the satellite dish must be at a proper angle to the roofline.
Now, the satellite dish can be fixed on the mounting surface. Further, the dish has to be adjusted such that the dish mast is exactly perpendicular to the level. This can be thoroughly achieved using a carpenter’s level. Now, the satellite dish is properly set. It has to be aimed towards the satellites.
Setting the elevation and azimuth
To set the correct elevation, first the nuts that fasten the two elevation bolts have to be loosened. Now, it becomes possible to move the dish upwards and downwards. The elevation indicator has to be lined up with the tick mark that corresponds to the elevation number. Then, the bolts can be tightened. There may be a need to readjust the elevation slightly upwards and downwards to procure the optimum signal. To set the appropriate azimuth, the azimuth nuts on the LNB arm have to be loosened in such a way that the dish can be rotated in a smooth manner with some pressure. The dish has to be moved towards the right or left to set the azimuth. The dish must point toward the southern hemisphere, which is the general direction of the satellite. A compass should be used to match the azimuth number with the degrees on the compass.
Manipulate the signal
With the elevation and azimuth correctly lined up, the satellite dish is in a position to receive the satellite signal. Now, the digital receiver has to be connected to the television. Both, the receiver and television have to be turned on. The antenna LNB has to be connected to the receiver cables.
The digital receiver’s on-screen menu has to be used to view the Setup Antenna / Signal Strength display and calculate the accurate signal strength. This signal strength and signal quality can be viewed by pressing Menu, Installation, TP Configuration and selecting Telstar 5, frequency 12152 or 11898. One person should assist in watching the Signal Strength screen to indicate that the signal is being received. The upper meter indicates the signal strength and the lower meter indicates the signal quality. If there is a signal for the lower meter, only then a signal can be received. Now, it is essential to keep standing behind the satellite dish and hold the outer edges. It has to be turned towards the right so that the azimuth is adjusted. This process of turning the dish towards the right is continued till the signal is acquired or till the angle of rotation is about 15 degrees from the starting point. If the signal is still not received, the dish has to be brought to the starting point and moved towards the left. Similar procedure has to be followed till 15 degrees to the left. If still the signal cannot be viewed, the elevation bolts must be loosened.
The dish has to be moved upward till the elevation indicator moves by half a mark. The elevation bolts have to be tightened again. Such half-mark increments are continued upwards till three tick marks are reached above the original tick mark. In case this attempt if futile, the dish must be returned to the original tick mark. Further, it has to be moved downwards by half-mark, up to a maximum of three marks.
Checks
If all the above mentioned procedure does not result in a signal, following checks are performed. The mount has to be perfectly level. Any object, like a tree, must not be along the line joining the satellite dish and the satellite. The cables have to be properly connected to the receiver. The coordinates of the azimuth and elevation have to be precise.
Fine Tuning
After the signal is received, the dish has to be fine tuned to ensure that the signal strength is the maximum. It is very important to maximize the signal, as the effect of rain during bad weather is decreased. For this, it is necessary to loosen the azimuth bolts and slowly rotate the dish in the same direction in which the satellite signal was received. The dish has to be moved till the maximum reading is achieved for the signal strength and then it starts to decrease. Now, that the value of the maximum signal strength is known, the dish has to be adjusted till this reading is reached. At the position of the maximum reading, the azimuth bolts have to be tightened. It has to be kept in mind that the Signal Strength reading need not be necessarily of 100 magnitudes. Now, the elevation bolts have to be loosened. The dish has to be very slowly moved upwards and downwards, until the strongest signal is achieved. Further, the elevation bolts can be tightened.
Polar mount
In a polar mount, all the visible geostationary satellites can be reached by rotating the antenna around a single axis called as the main axis. In the polar mount installation, two fixed angles have to be pre-set. The main axis angle has a range of movement of 90 degrees. The antenna can swing sideways along the axis. The angle by which the beam can be tipped downwards is called as the Dish Offset Tilt angle.
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